In addition, ECBO-viruses and eggs of Ascaris suum were inactivated within 7 and 56 days, respectively. coli EHEC O:157 and vegetative Clostridium perfringens were inactivated within 3 days of fermentation. Pathogens like Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, E. The proposed method uses the microbiotic shift during mesophilic fermentation of cow manure or sewage sludge during which gram-negative bacteria, enterococci and yeasts were inactivated below the detection limit of 3 log 10 cfu/g while lactobacilli increased up to a thousand fold. This paper describes a simple, easy-to-use, low-tech hygienization method which conserves nutrients and does not require large investments in infrastructure. This potential problem can increase with the global connectedness of animal herds fed imported feed grown on fields fertilized with local manures. However, because of the pathogens, the risks of infection of animals or humans increase with the indiscriminate use of manure, especially liquid manure or sludge, for agriculture. Other than for the presence of pathogens, these waste substances are excellent nutrient sources and constitute a preferred organic fertilizer. Manure from animal farms and sewage sludge contain pathogens and opportunistic organisms in various concentrations depending on the health of the herds and human sources.
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